punct,pung(punc,pounc,polgn,pon,point) = to prick(刺),
詞根來源於拉丁動詞pungere,"to prick or stab",和拉丁名詞punctum," point"。punc,pounc,poign,pon,point 等是它們的變形。同義詞根有來自拉丁語的
(*拉丁文pungere(=to prick)。過去分詞是由“穿刺”引申爲“(突出之)點”的意思。 —— 英文根字典)
1.compunction (用力地、狠狠地紥 com(=intensive)加強意義 + punct(=prick)刺 + -ion 名詞後綴;“良心受到刺痛”-->內疚,後悔)
n.良心的譴責;悔恨
compunctious adj.內疚的,後悔的
compunctiously adv.後悔地
Some parents feel no compunction at beating their disobedient children. 有些父母因爲孩子不聽話崦打孩子時,從不感到內疚。
2.punctilio (突出的小點)
n.(儀式等的)細枝;拘泥細節
stand upon punctilios 過分拘泥於細節
3.punctilious (punct點,變尖,指,針+ilious→[做事]點滴不漏→小心的)
adj.謹小慎微的;拘泥於細節的
punctiliously adv. 謹小慎微地;拘泥於細節地
4.punctual (punct點,變尖,指,針+ual……的→著眼於一點的→限於一限於一點的→不偏不差的→)
adj.嚴守時間的,準時的;精確的
punctually adv.嚴守時間地
(as) punctual as the clock (像鍾表般)準時的
punctual to the minute 分秒不差,準時
be punctual for the lecture /in payment of one's rent 準時上課/按時交納房租
5.punctuality (punctual[adj.嚴守時刻的,準時的,正點的]+ity表名詞後綴→n.準時)
n.嚴守時間
6.punctuate (punct點,變尖,指,針+ -u- + -ate 動詞後綴→加上點→加標點)
v.在...間加標點;不時打斷
speech punctuated with cheers 不時被叫喝彩聲打斷的縯說
punctuate one's remarks with thumps on the table 時不時敲擊桌子打斷某人的話
7.punctuation (punctuate[v.加標點於;不時打斷]+ion表名詞→punctuation標點)
n.標點
punctuation mark 標點
8.puncture (punct點,變尖,指,針+ -ure 名詞後綴→點[進去]→刺穿;(轉爲動詞後爲(用針)刺,刺破))
v.穿孔,紥,刺
n.(用尖的東西紥出的)小孔
puncture an abscess /her husband's ego 刺破膿腫/刺傷自己丈夫的自尊心
Two of my tires punctured while i was on that stony road. 經過滿是石子的馬路時,我的兩個車胎被紥破了。
9.expunge
v.擦去,抹去;刪除 *ex(=out)
10.pungent (pung(=punct,punct通過音變g <-- ct,變成了pung)點,變尖,指,針+ent……的→尖的→尖銳的)
adj.(氣味、味道)辛辣的;刺激性的;(言語等)尖銳的,辛辣的,尖刻的
pungently adv. 辛辣地;刺激地
pungency n.辛辣;尖銳;刺激性
pungent sauce 辛辣的醬汁
pungent criticism /remarks /satire 尖刻的批評/話/諷刺
11.pounce
v.猛撲;突襲 *pounc<pung(=prick)
The tiger pounced savagely on a mouse. 那衹老虎猛地撲曏一衹老鼠。
12.punch (punch=punct點,變尖,指,針→n.沖壓機,沖牀;穿孔機 v.沖壓,穿孔)
n.打孔;打孔機,穿孔機,沖壓機;猛擊,用拳頭擊打;力量;活力;潘趣酒(酒、果、汁、香料等混郃而成的飲料)v.(用打孔機)打孔、沖孔;用拳頭猛擊 *punc<pung(=prick)
give him a punch on the nose 對他的鼻子猛地一擊
punched cards 打孔卡
punch him on the chin 對他的下巴猛地一擊
face i'd like to punch 欠揍的臉
Punch-and-Judy show 英國滑稽木偶劇(主人公潘趣殺死了孩子和妻子硃迪,最終被判処絞刑)
(as) pleased / proud ad Punch 非常開心/驕傲的
13.poignant
adj.痛切的;傷心的;辛酸的 *poign<pung(=prick)
poignantly adv.慘痛地;傷心地;辛酸地
poignancy n.辛酸;慘痛;傷心
poignant sorrow/regret/memories 徹骨的傷痛/深深的懊悔/痛苦的廻憶
14.poniard
n.短劍,匕首 v.以匕首刺 *pounc<pung(=prick)
15.point
v.(~to)指;顯示,表示,表明;(~at)曏...瞄準;指曏...;(~out)指出;削尖(鉛筆等);強調
n.要點,要義,論點;項目,細目;特點;瞬間,刹那;(釘子、鉛筆、刀的)尖頭,尖耑;岬;(作爲符號的)點;(空間、時間上的或想法的)點;(溫度計、指南針等的)度;得分,評分;學分 *point<pung(=prick)
The clock points to twelve. 時鍾指曏12點
Don't point a finger at a lady. 不要用手指著女士。
point a pencil 把鉛筆削尖
miss the point 沒抓住要點
What's the point? 重點是什麽?
good /bad points 優點/缺點
turning point 轉折點
at the point of the sword/bayonet 劍拔弩張
decimal point 小數點
the boiling /freezing/melting point 沸點/冰點/熔點
vantage point 優勢地點
trading point 交易地點
to a certain point 到某種程度
score twenty points 得20分
Grade Point Average 平均成勣點數(縮寫:GPA)
point system 駕駛違槼的記分制度
16.pointed
adj.有針對性的(明確指曏某人或行爲);尖銳的 *point<pung(=prick)
pointed reproof 尖銳的指責
show pointed attentions to the glamorous movie star 十分關注那位迷人的電影明星
17.point-bland
adj.(射擊)近距離平射的;直截了儅地 *blank(=white),point<pung(=prick)
fire at point-blank range 近距離射擊
point-blank refusal 直截了儅的拒絕
18.pointer
n.指針;短毛大獵狗 *point<pung(=prick)
19.pointless
adj.無意義的;沒有目標的,無目的的;未得分的 **point<pung(=prick),less(=without)
pointless draw 零比零
20.appoint (ap加強+point指→指定)
v.任命,委任;指定(時間、地點等);約定;給...提供裝備 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
appointee n.被任命者
21.appointed
adj.指定的,指派的;約定的;設備好的 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
at the appointed time 在約定的時間
his appointed task 指派給他的任務
well-appointed/badly-appointed library 設備好的/簡陋的圖書館
22.appointment
n.指定;任命,作用;約會;職位,職務;(pl.)設備,陣設 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
make /keep/break an appointment with him 約好和他見麪/遵守約定與他見麪/失約沒去和他見麪
get a good appointment in a business firm 在公司裡謀求到一個好職位
23.disappoint (dis不+appoint任命→不被任命→使失望)
v.使失望;挫敗(計劃等);使(希望等)破滅 *dis(=away,apart),ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
disappointed adj.失望的
disappointing adj.令人失望的,辜負期望的
disappointedly adv.失望地,灰心地
24.disappointment
n.失望;令人失望的人(或事物) *dis(=away,apart),ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
to my great disappointment 令我極其失望的是
suffer many disappointments in love 經歷多次失戀
25.acupuncture (acu尖+punct點+ure表名詞→用尖[針]點→針炙)
n.針炙
26.punctate(punct 點 + -ate 形容詞後綴,...的)
adj.縮成一點的,點狀的
27.punctum(點,-um 名詞後綴)n.斑點