absorb
音标发音
- 英式音标 [əb'sɔ:bəb'zɔːb; -'sɔːb]
- 美式音标 [æbˈsɔrb; æbˈzɔrb; əbˈsɔrb]
- 国际音标 [əb'sɔ:b, -'zɔ:b]
- 英式发音
- 美式发音
基本解释
- vt. 吸收;吸引;承受;理解;使…全神贯注
词源解说
- 15世纪进入英语,直接源自法语的absorber;最初源自拉丁语的sbsorbere,意为吞掉,吸光。
词根记忆
- ab(离去) + sorb(吸收)→吸收掉→吸收
- ab(离去) + sorb(吸)→吸收
- ab(去掉) + sorb(吸收)→吸收掉→吸收
- ab(表加强) + sorb(吸收)→吸收
同根派生
- adj性质的同根词
- absorbed:被吸收的;一心一意的。
- absorbent:能吸收的。
- absorbing:吸引人的;极有趣的。
- absorptive:吸收性的;有吸收力的。
- absorbable:可吸收的;容易被吸收的。
- absorbefacient:吸收性的。
- n性质的同根词
- absorption:吸收;全神贯注,专心致志。
- absorbent:[化工][核][化学]吸收剂。
- absorber:减震器;吸收器;吸收体。
- absorbency:吸收能力;吸收性;吸墨性;[物化]吸光率。
- absorbefacient:吸收剂。
- absorptance:[物]吸收率;吸收比。
- v性质的同根词
- absorbed:吸收;使全神贯注(absorb的过去分词形式)。
- absorbing:吸收(absorb的ing形式)。
用法辨析
- absorb的基本意思是“吸收”,可指吸收液体、气体、光、热、能等,也指吸收抽象的知识、文化、经验、教训、思想、方法等,含有“以此丰富了吸收者”之意,并暗示“吸收”的渐进性和彻底性。absorb作“吞并; 并入”解时指把一个较小的国家、团体或组织变成一个较大的国家、团体或组织的一部分,被吞并者失去了自己原有的个性或特征。
- absorb作“吸收”解时主语可以是人,也可以是物,宾语则是无生命的事或物;作“吞并”解时主语和宾语都是国家、团体或组织;作“使全神贯注”解时主语是人、事或物,宾语是人或人的精力、兴趣等;作“减轻…的作用”解时主要用于打击、碰撞等;作“耗费,耗去”解时主要用于大量的金钱、时间等;作“承受; 承担,对付 ”解时主要用于变化、结果、费用等。
- absorb作“吸收”“吞并”“使全神贯注”解时常用于被动结构。be absorbed作“聚精会神地干某事”解时应接“in+动名词”,不能接动词不定式。
v. (动词)
词组短语
- absorb ammonia in water 用水吸收氨
- absorb another country 吞并另一个国家
- absorb a small company 合并一个小公司
- absorb a small state 吞并一个小国家
- absorb as much information as possible 尽可能多地吸收信息
用作动词 (v.)
~+名词
英英字典
- (TAKE IN) to take something in, especially gradually
- (UNDERSTAND) to understand facts or ideas completely and remember them
- (INTEREST VERY MUCH) to take up someone's attention completely
- (PAY) if a business absorbs the cost of something, it pays that cost easily
- (TAKE CONTROL) if one company absorbs another company, it takes control of it and they become one company
- If something absorbs a liquid, gas, or other substance, it soaks it up or takes it in.
- If something absorbs light, heat, or another form of energy, it takes it in.
- If a group is absorbed into a larger group, it becomes part of the larger group.
- If something absorbs a force or shock, it reduces its effect.
- If a system or society absorbs changes, effects, or costs, it is able to deal with them.
- If something absorbs something valuable such as money, space, or time, it uses up a great deal of it.
- If you absorb information, you learn and understand it.
- If something absorbs you, it interests you a great deal and takes up all your attention and energy.
- &rarrsee also absorbed , absorbing