strains

基本解释

• n. [微] 菌株（strain复数）；种族
• v. [力] 拉紧；使过度劳累（strain的第三人称单数形式）

词源解说

• 1400年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的estreindre，意为拉紧，挤压；最初源自古典拉丁语的stringere，意为拉紧，绑紧。

同根派生

• strains相关词

用法辨析

v. (动词)

• strain的基本意思是“拉紧”,强调过度使用、过于操劳、过于用力致使身体的某部分肌肉、器官损伤,可特指肌肉或韧带拉伤。引申指“竭尽全力…,努力…”。
• strain既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语。
• strain接介词at表示“拉紧”; 接for或after表示“使劲”。
• strain与stress的区别：过度紧张（strain）是由stress（压力）产生的结果，而压力stress是相邻的物体或部分之间的相互作用，由此可导致物体形态或尺寸的改变；
• strain同sprain的比较：sprain（扭伤）是指脚踝或手腕瞬间扭伤的结果，而strain是肌肉用力过强或过久所导致的结果。

• strains使用方法
• strains详细辨析

英汉例句

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词: S+～(+A)

• The sporters strained and struggled.
  运动员奋力扭动摔打。

用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

• They strained the wire between two posts.
  他们拉紧了两根电线杆之间的电线。

其他

• The mistake has caused strained relations between the manager and his staff.
  这个错误造成了经理同雇员之间的紧张关系。

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词组短语

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• strain one 's ears 竖起耳朵听
• strain every nerve 竭尽全力
• strain excessively 过分地拉紧
• strain feebly 无力地拉紧
• strain furiously 疯狂拉紧

• strains更多词组

英英字典

柯林斯英英字典

• If strain is put on an organization or system, it has to do more than it is able to do.
• To strain something means to make it do more than it is able to do.
• Strain is a state of worry and tension caused by a difficult situation.
• If you say that a situation is a strain, you mean that it makes you worried and tense.
• Strain is a force that pushes, pulls, or stretches something in a way that may damage it.
• Strain is an injury to a muscle in your body, caused by using the muscle too much or twisting it.
• If you strain a muscle, you injure it by using it too much or twisting it.
• If you strain to do something, you make a great effort to do it when it is difficult to do.
• When you strain food, you separate the liquid part of it from the solid parts.
• A strain of a germ, plant, or other organism is a particular type of it.

• strains剑桥字典
• strains柯林斯字典

专业释义

农业科学

• 品系

  Strain 90-36 has higher defensive ability to light inhibition damage than other three strains.
  品系90-36具有相对较强的防御光抑制破坏的能力。

• 菌种

  Objective The aim was to determine the optimum compound proportion of strains.
  目的确定最佳菌种复配比例。

• 株系

  So, we think they are different strains which belong to the same type.
  所以，它们应属于同一类病毒的不同的病毒株系。

  机械工程

• 菌群

  There are four main strains including Bacillus licheniformis, Virgibacillus carmonensis, Bacillus sp. TAT112, Bacillus galactosidilyticus in later period.
  从中期到后期优势条带相似性较大,菌群群落结构比较稳定,主要优势菌为：Bacillus licheniformis, Virgibacillus carmonensis, Bacillus sp.TAT112, Bacillus galactosidilyticus。